Slate delamination
After a hundred to a hundred and twenty years, Welsh slate begins to separate along the natural layers it was split from. The surface goes soft and flaky, edges crumble, and slates that look intact from the ground come apart when handled. This is different from a slipped slate, which is a fixing problem on a sound slate. Delamination means the material itself has reached the end, and once it is happening across a slope rather than to individual slates, patching stops being economic.